35 Recent advances in our understanding of the New Madrid seismic zone
Thorough understanding of the New Madrid seismic zone will require integration of observations relating to surface features, the crust and the upper mantle. All contributions are welcomed.
Wednesday, 11 March 2026
8:30 AM - 12:00 PM
RCC, 104
Shallow Seismic and Ground-Penetrating Radar Investigation of Faults Associated with the Daytona Beach Sand Blows in Eastern Arkansas
Paper number: 35-0
Program: Technical Sessions
Time: 8:30 AM – 8:45 AM
Authors
Abstract
Large magnitude earthquakes during the Holocene are believed to be responsible for a zone of paleoliquefaction features (sand blows) exposed at the Daytona Beach site in eastern Arkansas. Numerous sand blows have been investigated using paleoseismologic and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) methods, however their relationship with the northwest-trending Daytona Beach lineament (DBL) and deeper faults identified by the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) using compressional-wave (P-wave) seismic reflection data is still uncertain. To investigate the near-surface structure of the fault zone, we acquired a geophysical data set consisting of shear-wave (S-wave) seismic reflection and GPR profiles above the deformation imaged on the USGS profile. The first phase of the geophysical survey involved the acquisition of nearly one kilometer of S-wave seismic reflection data using a 24-channel, towable landstreamer and a sledgehammer/I-beam seismic source. The processed seismic data exhibit changes in reflection amplitude and coherency, offset reflections, and abundant diffractions, suggesting zones of complex deformation in the shallow subsurface above the faults imaged by the USGS. Folded shallow reflections show deformation extending upward to within 10 m of the surface. Next, GPR data were collected with a cart-mounted 250-MHz system. The GPR profile imaged a distinct zone of shallow deformation (<1.5 m deep) that is coincident with the DBL and the upward projection of the deformation seen on the S-wave seismic profile. In the final phase of the investigation, two high-resolution S-wave seismic reflection profiles were acquired across the DBL. The profiles (one oriented east-west, one oriented north-south, and each approximately 200 m long) were collected with a 48-channel seismic recording system, spike-plant horizontal geophones, and a sledgehammer/I-beam energy source. Several strong, continuous reflections correspond to a depth range of approximately 45 to 75 m. Based on correlation with local driller’s logs, this group of reflections is interpreted as Paleogene in age, with the top representing the Quaternary/Paleogene unconformity. The reflections are warped, with dip changes and offsets believed to be associated with a zone of near-surface faulting. Deformation in the Quaternary section, extending to within 5 m of the surface, is characterized by warped and discontinuous reflections and abundant diffractions, indicating complex deformation in the style of a positive flower structure, 50-75 m wide, striking N35⁰W, and coincident with the trend of the DBL.
Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. Vol. 58, No. 1
doi: 10.1130/abs/2026SE-411505
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